Maria Theresa (1717-1780) was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and one of the most influential monarchs in European history. She was born into the powerful House of Habsburg, which ruled over a vast empire that included modern-day Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic, and parts of Italy, Germany, and the Balkans.
Maria Theresa's reign began in 1740 when she inherited her father's throne at the age of 23. Despite facing opposition from other European powers who did not recognize a woman as a legitimate ruler, Maria Theresa proved to be a capable leader and successfully defended her territories against multiple invasions.
She is best known for her reforms that modernized and centralized the Habsburg Empire. She introduced administrative, judicial, and educational reforms that strengthened the power of the state and improved the lives of her subjects. She also implemented economic policies that promoted trade and industry, leading to an increase in wealth and prosperity within her empire.
Maria Theresa was a devout Catholic and promoted religious tolerance within her empire. She also had a strong sense of duty towards her people and was known for her compassion towards the poor and disadvantaged.
