Voltaire, also known as François-Marie Arouet, was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher, and historian. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest figures of the Enlightenment period and is known for his wit, satire, and criticism of religion and government. Voltaire was born in 1694 in Paris and received a Jesuit education before pursuing a career as a writer. He wrote plays, poetry, essays, and historical works that often challenged the traditional beliefs and values of society. Voltaire's ideas were heavily influenced by his belief in reason, tolerance, and freedom of speech. He used his writing to advocate for social reform and to expose corruption and injustice in society. His most famous works include "Candide," a satirical novel that criticizes optimism, and "Letters on the English," which praises the political system of England. Voltaire's writings had a significant impact on the French Revolution and continue to influence philosophical thought today. He died in 1778 but his legacy lives on as one of the most influential thinkers of the Enlightenment era.